Electrodes · Instrumentation
Organoid Array
A publication about the hardware between living neurons and a computer: electrode arrays, the amplifiers and converters behind them, and the latency budget that decides whether a closed loop is possible at all.
Latest analysis
July 28, 2026 Adaptive routing under a fixed channel budgetSwitch-matrix HD-MEAs expose far more electrodes than they can sample at once. A discounted Thompson-sampling policy reallocates the channel budget as the active sites move, and its limits teach as much as its gains.
July 28, 2026
Myelination and the extracellular signature
A new human tri-culture grant aims to build a myelinating neural model read out in part by microelectrode arrays. Myelin confines transmembrane current to the nodes of Ranvier, and that biophysics quietly changes what a planar array can and cannot see.
July 27, 2026
Backscatter power and the array telemetry ceiling
A battery-free implant harvests power at 13.56 MHz and returns neural data by 434 MHz backscatter. The measured system exposes where wireless recording stops scaling, and how the power carrier threatens the very signal it enables.
July 27, 2026
DOI hyperexcitability and the connectivity detector
A psychoplastogen pushes cortical cultures into a hyperexcitable, more integrated network on a 59-electrode array. The instrument question is how much of that network lives in the tissue and how much lives in the detector.
July 26, 2026
5,000 organoids in beads, and the electrode standoff
A vortex method yields more than 5,000 intestinal organoids per dish inside 250um Matrigel beads. Read against array hardware, the sealed lumen and closed epithelial shell, not just the standoff, defeat a contact electrode.
July 26, 2026
Neuromorphic tiles that have not yet met silicon
A four-block neuromorphic IP suite on SkyWater 130nm is honest that no silicon exists yet. The block that matters for array readout is the on-tile PVT sensor, and the threat is the noise it couples into a microvolt amplifier.
July 25, 2026
The averaging step that erased a signal
A human iPSC knockout study found no genotype effect in per-well MEA averages, yet a clear one in the pooled burst distribution. The gap is a lesson about where the microelectrode acquisition chain quietly decides what you can see.
Start here
Standing explainers that do not go stale. Read the spec sheet first if this field is new to you.
The spec sheet
Organoid-on-a-chip and MEA hardware
The full interface: electrode materials, recording and stimulation electronics, microfluidics, and the closed-loop latency that makes biocomputing possible.
Specification
How electrode density shapes what you can read
Pitch, count and coverage, and why more electrodes stop helping once the tissue is the limit.
Specification
The signal acquisition chain, end to end
From electrode impedance through amplification and conversion to the noise floor you actually get.
Sections
How we work
Hardware claims are checked against datasheets and published measurements, and we distinguish a specification from a measured result: a quoted noise floor obtained in saline is not the noise floor you will see through living tissue. Where a number depends on conditions, we give the conditions or we do not give the number. The full method, including how pieces are selected and produced, is on the about page.